What we know about these two measures:
Unemployment insurance: "going further"
During the campaign, Emmanuel Macron had mentioned a modulation of unemployment compensation, with tougher rules when the unemployment rate is low. But the announcement on July 14 of a reform project to "go further" confused the timing a little.
Two days before, the Minister of Labor Olivier Dussopt had indeed indicated that the rules of compensation for the unemployed, which expire on October 31, would be extended the time to assess their "usefulness".
“We only have a few months of hindsight”, explained the minister, since the previous reform, dating from 2019, had been delayed because of the Covid and legal remedies.
"Dussopt tells us that we are going to give ourselves time and Macron replies that he wants to accelerate very hard to give guarantees to LR", analyzes Jean-François Foucard (CFE-CGC). The executive blows "hot and cold", summarizes Denis Gravouil (CGT).
"We were a little surprised by the President's announcement", confirms Michel Beaugas (FO). "The ministry had only spoken to us about a consultation on the governance of unemployment insurance", managed jointly by the social partners but with an increasingly intrusive state.
If the executive has not specified its timetable, extension and reform could go hand in hand according to Mr. Beaugas. “They can extend the decree on the current rules to avoid a legal vacuum on November 1 and then modify it at any time. This amounts to excluding us from the definition of the parameters of unemployment insurance”, he disputes.
"If they want to change the rules, they are required to respect the 2018 law which requires that there be consultation, a framework letter and the opening of negotiations", reframes Marylise Léon (CFDT) who does not do not see "how a bill can be on the table at the end of the summer among parliamentarians".
Denis Gravouil (CGT) denounces a desire to "condition unemployment insurance on the acceptance of any job", while Emmanuel Macron has directly linked the reform to the difficulties of recruiting companies.
France Travail, "hut" or "cathedral"?
To better support those who are destined to return to work and achieve full employment, the executive wants to transform Pôle emploi into a form of one-stop shop called "France Travail".
During her general policy statement, Elisabeth Borne judged that the support of the unemployed was today "too complex".
“We can no longer continue to have, on the one hand, the State which supports job seekers, on the other, the regions which take care of their training and the departments in charge of the integration of beneficiaries. of the RSA", she estimated, suggesting that the public operator should oversee these currently dispersed skills.
The Head of State also put forward on July 14 "a complete response".
But for now, even the actors of the public employment service do not seem to know the extent of the reform. It will be "either a hut or a cathedral", says one of them.
During the recent Aix Economic Meetings, Olivier Dussopt indicated that "the parameters are not fixed". According to comments reported by the AEF agency, rather than "the maximalist hypothesis of a merger", he favors work on "the front office, therefore reception, orientation and diagnosis" to improve the coordination of public and private actors.
An employment actor notes for his part that this idea of reform has fallen "like a meteorite", seeing it as "a techno thing", "not very operational". There is, he says, "a good principle that is laid down" to simplify and make more efficient, but from there to "manufacture a monster", not to mention the difficult discussions in view with the communities...
On the FO side, we point to an "improbable structure", the CGT sees "dangers" in it.
The Pôle emploi unions, who still remember the difficult 2008-2009 Assedic-ANPE merger, fear a new "mechanic". They also note that the holders of the RSA who will have to "commit" in exchange for better support, "for some do not have a job problem" and emphasize that the agents are "not trained for".