
These neighborhoods are characterized by high unemployment rates, high school dropout rates, and limited access to public and health services.
It is materialized by major intervention programs on housing, as well as by contracts between the State and local elected officials, also associating social landlords, businesses and associations in favor of youth, social cohesion, security or employment.
1973
Guichard Circular: end of construction of large complexes
1977
Launch of the "Housing and Social Life" procedure in 103 neighborhoods to rehabilitate social housing (degraded common areas, lack of insulation, etc.), create public facilities and take action to benefit young people
1981
Creation of priority education zones (ZEP)
Violent riots in the suburbs of Lyon, including Les Minguettes in Vénissieux
Creation of the National Commission for Social Development of Neighborhoods (CDSQ) entrusted to Hubert Dubedout, Mayor of Grenoble
1982-1983
Schwartz report on the integration of 16-25 year olds; then creation of local missions for the professional and social integration of young people
Bonnemaison report on the prevention of delinquency;
Creation of the National Council for the Prevention of Delinquency
Dubedout Report, signing of the first social development agreements for neighborhoods between the State and local authorities
Launch of the Banlieues 89 mission led by architects Roland Castro and Michel Cantal-Dupart with the ambition of revolutionizing suburban urban planning
1983
March for equality and against racism, known as the "Beurs march"
1988
Creation of the Interministerial Delegation for the City, the Interministerial Committee for Cities and the National Council of Cities (consultative)
1989
Rocard Circular on the plurality of actions of urban policy (economy, social, culture, education, sports, leisure).
Signing of thirteen city contracts
1990
Riots in Vaulx-en-Velin (Rhône) after the death of a young man hit by a police car
Speech by François Mitterrand in Bron which truly launched the urban policy
First appointment of a Minister of the City, Michel Delebarre
1991
Delarue Report "Suburbs in difficulty: relegation"
Creation of the Urban Solidarity Endowment (DSU)
Urban Orientation Law
Establishment of sub-prefects in the city
1996
Urban recovery pact: creation of sensitive urban zones (ZUS), urban revitalization zones and urban free zones (ZFU)
1998
Sueur Report which sets out 50 proposals for the city of tomorrow
1999
Launch of major city projects aimed at reintegrating neighborhoods into their urban areas
2000
Solidarity and Urban Renewal Law (SRU) which imposes a quota of social housing on cities
Launch of the "adult relay" system
2003-2004
Creation of the National Agency for Urban Renewal (ANRU) by Jean-Louis Borloo
Speech by Jacques Chirac in Valenciennes on government action in favour of sensitive urban areas
2005
Urban riots in the suburbs after the death of two teenagers in Clichy-sous-Bois (Seine-Saint-Denis)
2008
Establishment of prefect's delegates in the districts
2014
"Lamy" law which revises priority geography on the basis of a single indicator of concentration of urban poverty.
Creation of QPVs (priority neighborhoods of the city policy) which replace the ZUS
2017
Appeal from the mayors of Grigny
Emmanuel Macron's speech in Tourcoing
2018
Borloo Report (May)
Adoption of the government's national mobilization plan for residents of working-class neighborhoods (July)
2023
Announcement in Marseille of the "Neighborhoods of Tomorrow" program by Emmanuel Macron
Riots following the death of Nahel in Nanterre
Review of priority geography (1.609 districts concerned)
2025
Report on the future of the National Agency for Urban Renewal
Illustrative image of the article via Depositphotos.com.