This plan is taken from the discussions of the National Council for Refoundation (CNR), whose Prime Minister Elisabeth Borne must conclude the housing component on Monday at 17:30 p.m. Without waiting, Matignon unveiled the essentials on Sunday evening.
Guest of FranceInfo on Monday morning, the Minister Delegate for Cities and Housing, Olivier Klein, conceded that there was "a risk of a social bomb" linked to the violent crisis in the sector, while new construction is in free fall. , rental flu and poor housing affects nearly 4,1 million people.
He returned to the announcements of the day before, starting with the maintenance of the zero-rate loan (PTZ) "for three years" and "for the new collective in a tense zone", and in the old "in a tense and relaxed zone. ", for 600 million euros per year.
The measure will therefore not concern purchasers of a new "small pavilion", the government having "made the choice" to "accommodate the greatest number", defended the minister.
The government plan has five objectives: to promote home ownership and rental, support the production and renovation of social housing, relaunch construction and amplify the energy renovation of the private sector.
On sensitive subjects, such as the overhaul of the taxation of furnished tourist accommodation, accused of aggravating the crisis, major projects will be "open", assured Matignon.
Olivier Klein said he was in favor of "taxing Airbnbs more". He encouraged mayors "to build social housing" and defended rent increases capped at 3,5% until June 2024, a decision that will be studied by the Senate in the coming days.
While the number of households in need of social housing (2,42 million) has never been so high and the number of homeless people has climbed (to 330.000), the sector's expectations were enormous.
However, the 14 technical provisions unveiled (end of the Pinel rental investment scheme, rental aid, construction support, etc.) do not include any shock measures such as the control of land prices, one of the proposals strong results from the CNR.
"Patching"
Even before Elisabeth Borne spoke, the housing world did not hide its disappointment, even if some are still hoping for new announcements.
"As it stands, this plan is not likely to respond to the immense concerns, the challenges that are before us, it lacks breath, there are few quantified objectives, not really social refocusing", reacted with AFP the director general of the Abbé Pierre Foundation, Christophe Robert, also co-host of the CNR.
"I find it difficult to understand the link between the commitment they announce and measuring spoons, even extremely vague commitments", underlined Emmanuelle Cosse, president of the Social Union for Habitat, which represents social landlords. . "There is no announcement that increases the means to produce more social housing," she added.
"After seven months of work and more than 200 people at work, the FFB was waiting for an electric shock. It's a disappointment! Almost none of the proposals made by the sector have been accepted", lambasted the president of the Federation. French building specialist, Olivier Salleron.
Same story with craftsmen, the president of Capeb Jean-Christophe Repon judging the announcements "not ambitious enough".
"These are scoops, patching, mending, the use of old devices that have more or less been successful," added Loïc Cantin, president of Fnaim (National Federation of Real Estate).
For Pascal Boulanger, president of the Federation of Real Estate Developers (FPI), "the mountain gives birth to a mouse". "There is no incentive for the mayors builders, there is no status of the private lessor, we program the stopping of Pinel when we need it", he shelled. "All that for this !"
Anticipating criticism, Matignon stressed on Sunday that "it is not at once that we resolve the entire housing policy".
These announcements are "anything but a final point", also promised Olivier Klein.
Technical measures in the face of the housing crisis
Real estate professionals, associations, social landlords: the housing world as a whole showed the same impatience to see the executive act.
Since the end of November, recognized personalities from the world of the sector have collected grievances and proposals on three subjects: "how to give back to the French people the power to live?", "reconcile France with the production of new housing" and "make housing l vanguard of the ecological transition".
Three notebooks were given to the Minister Delegate for Cities and Housing, Olivier Klein, containing nearly 200 proposals.
The government has retained a series of technical provisions intended to respond to all aspects of the crisis, but without shock measures such as the supervision of land prices, one of the strong proposals from the CNR.
On sensitive subjects, such as the overhaul of the taxation of furnished tourist accommodation, accused of aggravating the housing crisis everywhere in France, major projects will also be "open", assured Matignon.
“It is not in one go that we solve the entire housing policy”, specified the entourage of Elisabeth Borne, ensuring to touch “a little on all the levers” and to act at the same time on the structural and cyclical aspect of this crisis.
Ineffective Pinel
On paper, the government has five objectives: to promote home ownership and rental, support the production and renovation of social housing, relaunch construction and amplify the energy renovation of the private sector.
To help households acquire their homes in a context of rising rates, the PTZ, which was to end at the end of 2023, will be extended until 2027. But the system will be refocused on "new collective housing" in areas tense and in all housing in relaxed areas, subject to renovation.
Another measure: the monthly payment for the revision of the wear rate will be extended until the end of 2023 in order to prevent this rate from “becoming a blockage”.
The development of the “real solidarity lease”, which makes it possible to acquire cheaper housing without owning the land, will also be “supported”, assured Matignon, by revising the resource ceilings upwards.
In order to promote access to rental, the government has chosen to stop the Pinel system at the end of 2024, deemed ineffective, to focus on "intermediate rental housing", i.e. housing which, without being social, allows moderate rents.
This system reserved for tense areas will be open to around a hundred additional municipalities, currently located in relaxed areas.
The "Visale" guarantee, which makes it possible to obtain a rental deposit from Action Logement in order to be able to rent accommodation, will also be extended to "more than 2 million people" by 2027, against 1 million since 2018.
An additional envelope of 160 million over five years will also be devoted to the "Housing first" system, which consists in granting permanent housing to people who are poorly housed.
Measures have also been announced for social housing but
must still be the subject of a "pact" with social landlords. The aim is to help them renovate their housing stock, invest in the production of housing and support their own funds.
To relaunch new construction, which is currently at a standstill, the government plans to have Caisse des Dépôts and Action Logement buy back 47.000 homes that could not be sold from developers.
Finally, to accelerate the energy renovation of buildings, the MaPrimeRénov' system will be reinforced, with 1.300 "France Rénov" counters against 450 currently and an increase in "Rénov' guides" from 2.000 to 5.000.
These measures will be financed in particular by the end of the Pinel device and the refocusing of the PTZ, specified Matignon.