For each of the residential and non-residential buildings, located in metropolitan France and Corsica, the National Buildings Database establishes a personalized identity sheet with more than 250 information available.
It constitutes an exhaustive and “high definition” photograph of the state of French heritage, at a given moment. It will be updated at regular intervals, thus making it possible to follow the evolution of the park.
The built heritage in mainland France represents 38 million housing units and nearly 1 billion m² of tertiary premises. Faced with the challenges of climate change and societal developments, this heritage will have to be renovated on an unprecedented scale.
It is therefore necessary, given the technical and economic stakes, that the country, but also each territory and each owner, be able to develop their renovation strategy, monitor its execution and measure its effects.
To meet this need, the construction players grouped together in the Profeel collective wanted to develop a tool using advances in massive data processing and artificial intelligence: the GO-Rénove program, whose project manager is the CSTB. The project consisted of two parts: the recovery and consolidation of all the data available on the building, as well as the putting online of the first application services in support of the renovation for individuals and social landlords.
To carry out this project, the CSTB aggregated and cross-referenced data from around thirty databases from public bodies to create a reliable map of metropolitan real estate. An algorithm predicts the likely values of missing data, and physical models simulate the performance of each building, including its energy consumption. This is how the CSTB has compiled an unrivaled database of buildings.
Indeed, for each building, the BDNB® informs in particular its administrative history, its morphology, the materials used for its construction, its technical equipment, its mode of heating, an estimate of its DPE label (in the state and after renovation) , its green value…
The BDNB® also includes energy consumption published in open-data (SDES, local energy data).
The rules of accessibility to BDNB® data are established in full agreement with the operators of the databases and in strict compliance with the General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR).
There are three levels of access to the BDNB®:
- The BDNB open which brings together all the free public data integrated into the BDNB®. Its download is free from the data.gouv.fr portal;
- The BDNB rights holders whose access is subject to the distribution rules set by the owners of certain data;
- The BDNB expert accessible within the framework of research and expertise work carried out with the CSTB.
Widely accessible to all players, transparent in the calculation methods used, the BDNB® constitutes, in this area, the first public and open reference database.
The services provided by the BDNB®
For the development of public policy:
- Simulate the DPE on all the residential buildings in the park, according to the new 2021 method.
- Inform the development of public policies and facilitate their deployment (reference: characterization of the housing stock located in each Priority District of the City (QPV) in support of the ANRU);
- Contribute to public observatories:
- by producing additional data (reference: Mission "Knowledge", public territorial knowledge service initiated by the Ministry for Ecological Transition) - production of resimulated DPEs;
- by performing calculations of indicators at the elementary mesh of the building (reference: participation in the TRELO project in support of the Statistical Studies Service (SDES) and in conjunction with the National Observatory for Energy Renovation (ONRE));
To support territories, lessors and owners in their strategy:
- Constitute the database of renovation decision support services (references: online public services Go-rénove, Go-rénove-individuals, Go-rénove-lessors, and soon Go-rénove collectivity and Go-rénove-tertiary) ;
- Characterize the building stock: statistics (age, constructive typology, energy vectors, etc.), energy/carbon footprint, DPE scores, potential for energy savings, etc. (reference: contribution to the construction of a strategic framework assets in support of the Action Logement group).
The services that could be provided tomorrow by the BDNB®:
- Simulate the impact of public policy scenarios;
- Monitor developments in the portfolio and thus understand the impact of public policy actions or the deployment of a heritage strategy;
- Identify and enhance the amenities of a park.